A 10 m thick clay layer is underlain by a sand layer of 20 m depth (see figure below). The water table is 5 m below the surface of clay layer. The soil above the water table is capillary saturated. The value of γsat is 19 kN/m3. The unit weight of water of γw. If now the water table rises to the surface, the effective stress at a point P on the interface will

1
increase by 5γw
2
remain unchanged
3
decrease by 5γw
4
decrease by 10γw

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