What is the primary advantage of using crown ethers in phase transfer catalysis?
1
They can stabilize reactive species by increasing their solubility in nonpolar solvents.
2
They increase the reactivity of cations, making them more reactive in solution.
3
They allow for selective solubilization of ionic compounds in organic solvents.
4
They form stable covalent bonds with metal cations, aiding in catalytic processes.