Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants, green algae, and cyanobacteria convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen using sunlight, which is absorbed by chlorophyll in the leaves. This reaction is represented as 6CO2 + 6H2O + सूर्य के प्रकाश → C6H12O6 + 6O2. Only about 1% of sunlight is captured by green plants. Stomata, tiny pores on the leaf surface, allow the intake of carbon dioxide. Each stoma is surrounded by two guard cells, which are bordered by accessory cells. The number and type of stomata vary among plant species based on their habitat. Through photosynthesis, plants produce carbohydrates and release oxygen, sustaining life on Earth.