Cosmic Ray Protons: These have energies up to \(10^{20} \, \text{eV}\) (almost 10 Joules).
Galaxy Size: The galaxy has a diameter of approximately \(10^5 \) light years.
   Given: 
    \(1 \, \text{eV} = 1.6 \times 10^{-19} \, \text{J}\)
    Proton mass \(M_p = 1.67 \times 10^{-27} \, \text{kg}\)

How long does it take for the proton to traverse the galaxy in its own rest frame (proper time)?  

1
   
  \( τ =3.15 \times 10^{10}\ s\)
2
   
  \( τ =3.15 \times 10^{11}\ s\)
3

  \( τ =3.15 \times 10^{12}\ s\)

4
   
  \( τ =3.15 \times 10^{15}\ s\)

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