In a form of stress response, bacteria synthesize a group of proteins called stress proteins or heat shock proteins such as DnaK, DnaJ, GroEL, GroES, and GrpE. DnaK is an ATP binding protein, which attaches to the newly synthesized polypeptide in conjunction with DnaJ. Which one of the following statements correctly states a step in the subsequent process of protein folding?

1
The affinity of DnaK to the polypeptide increases upon hydrolysis of the ATP to ADP
2
DnaJ is an exchange factor that replaces ADP with ATP in DnaK
3
ATP hydrolysis is required for the phosphorylation of DnaJ
4
ATP hydrolysis is required for the phosphorylation of GrpE

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