Nuclear proliferation and disarmament pose significant challenges to global security. Which of the following statements provides an accurate assessment of these challenges?
1
The proliferation of nuclear weapons to non-state actors has heightened the risk of nuclear terrorism, necessitating stronger international cooperation and enforcement of non-proliferation measures to prevent catastrophic events.
2
Efforts toward nuclear disarmament have made significant progress, with nuclear-armed states demonstrating a commitment to reducing their arsenals and eliminating the threat of nuclear conflict.
3
The establishment of international treaties such as the Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) has effectively prevented the spread of nuclear weapons to additional states, ensuring global stability and security.
4
Nuclear deterrence remains a reliable strategy for maintaining peace and stability, as evidenced by the absence of nuclear conflicts since the end of the Cold War.