Teaching UGC NET Mock Test Series 2025 (Paper 1 & 2) Political Science Political Institutions in India
What does the doctrine of "Pith and Substance" refer to in the context of Indian constitutional law?
1
It relates to the inherent supremacy of the Union Parliament over State legislatures in matters of concurrent jurisdiction.
2
It emphasizes the need for a law to be examined in its entirety to determine its true purpose and effect, even if it incidentally encroaches upon a subject within another level of government's jurisdiction.
3
It signifies the authority of the President to refer disputes regarding the distribution of legislative powers between the Union and States to the Supreme Court for adjudication.
4
It denotes the power of the Parliament to amend any provision of the Constitution by a special majority, including those relating to federalism.