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The sepoys in the East India Company's army had a number of grievances, which led to the Revolt of 1857. The sepoys of the Bengal army, were mostly Brahmins and Rajputs having grievances of their own. Among them were unsatisfactory conditions of service, encroachment upon their religious customs and offences against their dignity and self-respect. They had a strong sense of resentment, as their salary scale was very low compared to their English counterparts. There was discrimination in matters of promotion and pension also.

In the guise of enforcing discipline, the British authorities prohibited the Hindus and the Muslim sepoys displaying their religious marks. These restrictions harmed the religious sentiments of the sepoys. The sepoys realised that their service conditions, at times impinged upon their religious beliefs. For example at Vellore, there was a mutiny by the sepoys due to the replacement of the turban they wore, by a leather cockade.

The Indian soldiers also had grievances against the British as they were forced to go for the military expeditions to abroad. In order to prevent any kind of resistance from the sepoys against their deployment abroad, Lord Canning's government passed an act in 1856.