Jalaluddin Khilji, the founder of the Khilji dynasty, is often credited with introducing a distinctive approach to governance, emphasizing the role of popular consent. Consider the following statements regarding his rule and views on statecraft:

  1. Jalaluddin Khilji was the first Sultan of Delhi to propose that the state should be founded on the willing support of the governed, rather than sheer military coercion.
  2. His policy of reconciliation and leniency toward rebels and former enemies was aimed at maintaining stability through a more humane form of governance, a departure from the harsh measures of previous rulers.
  3. Jalaluddin’s moderate policies earned him the unflinching loyalty of his nobility and military, ensuring a strong and centralized administration.
  4. Despite his emphasis on popular consent, Jalaluddin Khilji’s leniency was perceived as a sign of weakness by some of his contemporaries, leading to internal dissent and the eventual rise of his more aggressive successor, Alauddin Khilji.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

1
1, 2, and 4
2
1 and 3 only
3
 2 and 4 only
4
1, 2, and 3

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