Comprehension Passage
The Non-Cooperation Movement (1920–1922) led by Mahatma Gandhi was one of the first mass movements against British colonial rule. It sought to boycott British goods, institutions, and elections, and encouraged the revival of Indian handicrafts. The movement drew support from across India but was suspended after the Chauri Chaura incident in 1922, where violent clashes between protestors and police occurred. Despite its early suspension, the movement set the stage for subsequent campaigns of civil disobedience.
Which of the following explains why Gandhi decided to call off the Non-Cooperation Movement after the Chauri Chaura incident?
1
Gandhi believed that the movement's objectives had been achieved.
2
Gandhi wanted to avoid further violence and believed that the movement had deviated from its non-violent principles.
3
The British government had already agreed to Indian demands for political reform.
4
The movement had failed to gather enough popular support across the country.