An atom with mass \(M\) can be excited to a higher energy state with mass \(M + \Delta\) by capturing a photon. What is the frequency of the photon required for this transition?
1
\( \frac{\Delta c^2}{2h}\)
2
\( \frac{\Delta c^2}{h} \)
3
\( \frac{\Delta c^2}{2Mh} \)
4
\( \frac{\Delta (\Delta + 2M)c^2}{2Mh} \)