Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions.

In 1279 BC, the realm of Egypt was under the autocratic rule of Pharaoh Ramses II, one of the most formidable leaders in Egyptian history. Known also as 'Ramses the Great', his rule saw significant military campaigns. Among them, the Battle of Kadesh stands out, fought against the Hittite Empire under Muwatalli II near the city of Kadesh on the Orontes River.

The battle, believed to be the earliest in recorded history, found its genesis in the Pharaoh's fury over Hittite expansion into Syrian territories. With these territories viewed as part of his vassal states, Ramses II commanded a sizeable force to retake control. Muwatalli, resilient, countered with a similarly large force, setting the stage for a significant standoff.

On the brink of battle, deceit was employed. The Hittites tricked Egyptian intelligence, claiming their forces were further off, fortifying their defensive postures. Yet, upon realizing this manipulation, the impassioned Egyptians launched a valiant offensive. Despite the odds, these forces battled to a stalemate, leading to a historic peace treaty, demonstrating the enduring human longing for peace amidst power dynamics.