Direction: Read the passage below and choose the best answer for the questions out of the four alternatives.

For the past several years, scientists have issued ominous warnings about the future of the Earth's climate. Predictions of dramatic global change arising from the continued dumping of industrial by-products into the atmosphere and forest loss of massive scale can no longer be ignored. Compelling scientific evidence strongly suggests the world climate patterns, previously regarded as reliably stable, could be thrust into a state of turmoil. The emission of synthetic and natural gases is increasing the heat-trapping capacity of the atmosphere through a phenomenon known as the Greenhouse effect. The projected impacts of this world-wide climatic disruption dwarf many of the environmental problems of the past.