Which of the following statements accurately describe the Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) used in climate modeling?
1
RCPs are used to project the future socioeconomic conditions and do not take into account the concentrations of greenhouse gases.
2
RCP8.5, RCP6, RCP4.5, and RCP2.6 (also known as RCP3PD) are scenarios that represent different levels of economic development and technological advancement by 2100.
3
RCPs specify concentrations of greenhouse gases that result in total radiative forcing increasing by a target amount by 2100, relative to pre-industrial levels, to predict future climate conditions such as global temperatures and sea levels.
4
All RCP scenarios predict a decrease in radiative forcing by the end of the 21st century, signifying a global cooling effect due to advancements in renewable energy technologies.