Directions: In the question below is given a statement followed by two courses of action I and II. You have to assume everything in the statement to be true on the basis of the information given in the statement, decide which of the given course(s) of action follow.

Statement : Urban flooding is the collection of flood waters that results when the inflow of stormwater exceeds the capacity of the drainage system to infiltrate water into the soil or to carry it away, it happens particularly in more densely populated areas. Unlike rural floods, urban floods are caused by heavy urbanization rather than heavy precipitation. When the amount of precipitation increases it causes higher floods. Floods are a result of both meteorological — rainfall frequency and intensity, storms, temperature — and hydrological factors — groundwater levels and extent of impervious surface. When combined with anthropogenic factors in urban centers, they are classified as urban floods. Anthropogenic factors like land-use changes, exploitation of floodplains by construction and similar activities, poor solid waste management and destruction of drainage, complicate the system.

Course of Action:

I. There is a need to include public open spaces within the urban fabric in the form of storm management infrastructure.

II. Urban Floods are becoming common so people should just accept them and carry on with their life.