Comprehension Passage

Directions: In the following passage, some of the words have been left out. Read the passage carefully, select the most appropriate word for each blank, and mark it as your answer.

With most cyberattacks originating from beyond our borders, international ___( 1 )___would be critical to keep our digital space secure. It would also be a cause which would find resonance abroad. This year, cybercrimes are ___( 2 )___to cause damage worth an estimated $8 trillion worldwide. India has already signed cybersecurity treaties, where the countries include the United States, Russia, the United Kingdom, South Korea, and the European Union. Even in multinational frameworks such as the Quad and the I2U2 (which India is a member of) there are efforts to ___( 3 )___cooperation in cyber incident responses, technology collaboration, capacity building, and in the improvement of cyber ___( 4 )___. Yet, there is no truly global framework, with many operating in silos.
Previous years have seen the United Nations General Assembly establish two processes on the issues of ___( 5 )___in the information and communication technologies (ICT) environment. One is the Open-ended Working Group (OEWG), ___( 6 )___the entire UN membership, established through a resolution by Russia. The other is the resolution by the U.S., on the continuation of the Group of Governmental Experts (GGE), comprising 25 countries from all the major regions. The two ___( 7 )___permanent members of the UN Security Council, counted among India’s most important strategic partners, differ vastly on many aspects of the Internet, including openness, restrictions on data flow, and digital sovereignty. Yet, based on adoption, member-states have found the two resolutions to be ___( 8 )___, and not mutually exclusive. Amidst the turbulent current world events, these UN groups would struggle to have effective dialogues.
The G-20 summit this year in India, which will see ___( 9 )___by all the stakeholders driving the global levers of power, is a rare opportunity to bring together domestic and international engagement groups across the spectrum, and steer the direction of these consultations. India could make an effort to ___( 10 )___a global framework of common minimum acceptance for cybersecurity. This would be one of the most significant contributions made by any nation towards collective security in modern times.

Which of the following is the most appropriate word to fill in the blank labeled ( 9 )?

1
participation
2
collaboration
3
resistance
4
contribution
5
absence

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