Comprehension Passage

Read the passage and answer the questions that follow: 

The Yale Center for Environmental Law and Policy and the Center for International Earth Science Information Network have produced the "Environmental Performance Index-2022," which uses 40 performance indicators across 11 categories to assess a country's environmental sustainability. India had a pitiful score of 18.9, placing it at the bottom of the list of 180 nations. The other bottom-five nations are Vietnam, Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Myanmar. India has contested and questioned the Environmental Performance Index (EPI) 2022, which was recently released, contains many indicators that are based on erroneous assumptions, according to a statement from the Union Environment Ministry. Some of these performance metrics are extrapolated and based on speculations and non-scientific techniques. The Environmental Performance Index (EPI) for 2022 offers a data-driven overview of the global sustainability situation. Using 40 performance indicators across 11 issue categories, the EPI ranks 180 nations on climate change performance, environmental health, and ecosystem vitality. These metrics offer a gauge of how near nations are to achieving set environmental policy objectives on a national level. For nations aspiring to move toward a sustainable future, the EPI offers a scorecard that identifies leaders and laggards in environmental performance. According to the report, India gave the environment less priority than economic expansion. Its greenhouse gas emissions are rapidly increasing, and the air quality is notably bad. According to the Indian government, the report employed numerous indicators based on erroneous assumptions, and the methodology ignored per capita emissions and varied socioeconomic factors between nations. Indicators that India was doing well on were given less weight. Indicators like GHG emission per capita and GHG emission intensity trend give the notion of equity relatively little weight. The formulation of the index also hardly takes into account the notion of common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capacities (CBDR-RC). The estimated GHG emissions trajectory by EPI 2022 does not take into account forests and wetlands, which serve as essential carbon sinks.

Which of the following factors is not used by EPI to determine the rank of a nation?

1
Climate change performance
2
Environmental health
3
Ecosystem Vitality
4
Government policies

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