Direction: Read the following passage and answer the given questions:

Mauna Loa, the world's largest active volcano, erupted on November 27th (1984) for the first time, spewing lava 100 feet to 200 feet high. The eruption was presaged by an increase in earthquake swarms and sections of the ground moving up and down at the summit caldera. Scientists have observed two new lava flows out of the Mauna Loa volcano, and officials said the lava flows were "contained within the summit caldera and on the upper flanks of the volcano." The United States Geological Survey (USGS) has upgraded the volcano's alert level to "warning" and is closely monitoring the situation. The USGS previously said that "heightened unrest" began in mid-September, when earthquakes beneath the summit increased from 10 to 20 per day to 40 to 50 per day. The most recent eruption followed weeks of warnings from officials that an eruption was possible given a recent spike in earthquakes at the volcano's summit and that residents of the Big Island should be prepared to evacuate. A volcano is a rupture in the crust of a planetary-mass object, such as Earth, that allows hot lava, volcanic ash, and gases to escape from a magma chamber below the surface. When a volcano erupts, it can have devastating consequences for the surrounding environment and people.