Comprehension Passage

Read the following passages and answer the items that follow each passage.

The poor especially in market economics, need the strength that collectivities offer for creating more economic, social and political space for themselves, for enhancing their socio-economic well-being and voice, and act as a protection against free-market and individualism. It has been argued that a group approach to farming, especially in the form of bottom up agricultural production collectivities, offers substantial scope for poverty alleviation and empowering the poor as well as enhancing agricultural productivity. To realise this potential, however, the groups would need to be voluntary in nature, small in size, participative in decision making and equitable in work sharing and benefit distribution. There are many notable examples of such collectivities to be found in varied contexts, such as in the transition economies. All of them bear witness to the possibility of successful cooperation under given conditions. And although the gender impact of the family cooperatives in the transition economics are uncertain, the Indian examples of  women-only groups farming offer considerable potential for benefiting women.

What does the author imply by “gender Impact” ?

1
Women are doubtful participants in cooperatives
2
Family cooperatives may not include women.
3
Women benefiting from group farming
4
Women's role in transition economies is highly restrictive

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