Which of the following factors have negatively impacted Punjab’s industrial growth over recent decades?
- The collapse of the Soviet Union, which affected Punjab’s export markets.
- Liberalization policies of 1991, which made Punjab’s industries less competitive.
- Political instability and regional conflicts discouraging investment.
- High infrastructure investment in the industrial sector, leading to excessive state expenditure.
1
1 and 3 only
2
1, 2, and 3 only
3
2, 3, and 4 only
4
1, 2, 3, and 4