We find the following two species trends at the beginning of middle age in Indian History.
(a) Rise of philosophies like Advaita, Vedanta
(b) Progress in sculpture as per Buddhism
(c) Development of temple towns like Chidambaram, Madurai
(d) Trade with the Roman empire
1
(c),(d)
2
(b),(c)
3
(a),(c)
4
(a),(d)