In a soil specimen, the total stress, effective stress, hydraulic gradient, and critical hydraulic gradient are σ, σ’, i and ic, respectively. For initiation of quicksand condition, which one of the following statements is TRUE?

1
σ’ = 0 and i = iC
2
σ = 0 and i = iC
3
σ’ ≠ 0 and i = iC
4
σ’ ≠ 0 and i ≠ iC
5
Question Not Attempted

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