Read the given paragraph and answer the following questions.

Influenza, commonly known as the flu, is a respiratory infection caused by a virus that affects the nose, throat, and lungs. It is typically managed with rest and increased fluid intake to support the body's natural immune response. Another viral infection, chickenpox, is caused by the varicella-zoster virus, leading to the widespread appearance of itchy blisters across the body. The Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine provides immunity against tuberculosis (TB), a bacterial infection primarily targeting the lungs and caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Focused on preventing meningitis and disseminated TB in children, BCG stands as a notably widespread vaccine. Additionally, both malaria and Kala Azar are diseases resulting from protozoan infections, transmitted through the bites of infected mosquitoes and sandflies, respectively. Malaria, caused by Plasmodium, leads to red blood cell destruction, while Kala Azar is triggered by Leishmania donovani. Treatments for malaria include medications such as chloroquine and quinine.