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Ray optics, also known as geometrical optics, is a branch of optics that describes the behavior of light in terms of rays. This field of study is primarily concerned with the principles of reflection and refraction, which govern how light interacts with various surfaces and media. Reflection occurs when light bounces off a surface, while refraction happens when light passes through a medium and bends due to a change in speed. Key concepts in ray optics include the laws of reflection and refraction, the formation of images by mirrors and lenses, and the principles of optical instruments like telescopes and microscopes. Ray optics simplifies the complex nature of light into straight-line propagation, making it easier to understand and apply in practical scenarios. Despite its simplifications, ray optics is fundamental in designing and understanding various optical devices and technologies.