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Relativity, a fundamental theory in physics, was developed by Albert Einstein in the early 20th century and includes two main components: Special Relativity and General Relativity. Special Relativity, introduced in 1905, revolutionized our understanding of space and time by showing that they are interwoven into a single continuum known as spacetime. It established that the laws of physics are the same for all non-accelerating observers and that the speed of light in a vacuum is constant regardless of the observer's motion. Key consequences include time dilation, length contraction, and the equivalence of mass and energy, encapsulated in the famous equation E=mc². General Relativity, published in 1915, extends these concepts to include gravity, describing it not as a force but as a curvature of spacetime caused by mass and energy. This theory has been confirmed by numerous experiments and observations, such as the bending of light by gravity and the precise predictions of planetary orbits. Relativity has profoundly influenced our understanding of the universe, from the behavior of particles at high speeds to the dynamics of galaxies and black holes.