Directions: In this section, you have short passages. In this passage, you will find some items based on the passage. First, read a passage and answer the items based on it. You are required to select your answers based on the contents of the passage and the opinion of the author only.

World War II quickly spread to all of Europe after the German attack on Poland in 1939. People in England, France and Poland, Ukraine and Belarus soon suffered from the consequences of war and Nazi terror. For many German children, the war initially appeared as an adventurous game. The father in uniform was the greatest and was admired accordingly. 
Children played with cannons and armed soldiers, sang war songs and were proud of their collectable pictures of high-ranking military officers. The National Socialists supported this development: in the Hitler Youth, brave soldiers were celebrated as role models, and heroism and fighting spirit were promoted. But the church also did its part. There it said: Pray for leaders, people and fatherland. Children were at the mercy of such education and propaganda. How would they know what war means? Many children even saw the first bomb alarm as an adventure. But with the more frequent and more violent air raids, the fear of death grew. Burning houses, buildings destroyed by bombs, countless dead and wounded – children also had to see and cope with all of this. Many spent their nights in the air-raid shelter for several years. Hundreds of thousands of them were bombed out and lost all their belongings, their homes or even their parents in the attacks. The war had now become a struggle for sheer survival for the children too. But because they knew nothing else, even the most horrible things became normal.
And while some coped surprisingly well with all these experiences, others still bore the cruelty of their fate decades later. The opponents of the war reacted to the aggressive war by the Germans by bombing German cities. When the hail of bombs intensified, the Nazi regime launched the "Extended Kinderlandverschickung" campaign in 1940.
By the end of the war, around 2.5 million boys and girls were sent to rural areas to get them to safety from the bombed cities.