Which of the following can be the best explanation of children developing a fear of mathematics?
1
Children fear mathematics if their IQ is low
2
Since mathematics is an abstract discipline, it is natural for children to have difficulties in understanding and therefore all students will develop a fear of it
3
It is the most objective form of knowledge that requires rigour, failing which children develop an aversion for the subject
4
Teachers play a significant role in invoking interest about mathematics in children, and conversely they may also contribute to the fear by penalizing students for committing errors