The dynamics of a free relativistic particle of mass m is governed by the Dirac Hamiltonian \(H=c \vec{\alpha} \cdot \vec{p}+β m c^2\) where \(\vec{p}\) is the momentum operator and \(\vec{\alpha}=\left(\alpha_x, \alpha_y, \alpha_z\right)\) and β are four 4 × 4 Dirac matrices. The acceleration operator can be expressed as
1
\(\frac{2 i c}{\hbar}(c \vec{p}-\vec{\alpha} H)\)
2
\(2 i c^2 \vec{\alpha} \beta\)
3
\(\frac{i c}{\hbar} H \vec{\alpha}\)
4
\(-\frac{2 i c}{\hbar}(c \vec{p}+\vec{\alpha} H)\)
5
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