Which of the following statements best describes the concept of "judicial review" in the context of the separation of powers?

Judicial review allows the judiciary to make and enforce laws independently, without interference from the other branches of government.

Judicial review is a mechanism that allows the judiciary to examine and potentially invalidate actions or laws passed by the legislative and executive branches.

Judicial review empowers the executive branch to review and overturn decisions made by the judiciary.

Judicial review refers to the power of the legislature to review and amend decisions made by the judiciary.