Which of the following best encapsulates the essence of Mahatma Gandhi's political philosophy?
1
Realpolitik and the pursuit of power: Gandhi's philosophy centered around the realistic assessment of power dynamics and the pragmatic pursuit of political power through any means necessary to achieve national objectives.
2
Marxism and the class struggle: His philosophy was deeply rooted in Marxist ideology, emphasizing the class struggle as the central mechanism for societal change and advocating for the overthrow of the bourgeoisie by the proletariat.
3
Satyagraha and non-violent resistance: Gandhi advocated for the principle of 'Satyagraha' or 'truth force,' emphasizing non-violent resistance as a powerful tool for social and political change, aiming to achieve justice and righteousness through peaceful means.
4
Capitalist democracy: Gandhi's political philosophy supported a capitalist system underpinned by democratic governance, prioritizing economic freedom and individual entrepreneurship as the key drivers of social progress.