Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option.

Stammering is a habit disorder linked with lack of self-confidence. Basically for a child to understand a language, there are four stages. The first is learning to understand the spoken language and the second is speaking. Both of these usually develop around the age of two.

The third stage is speaking complex sentences, which develops at around 3rd and the fourth is when the child recognises the written alphabet. In 80% of children while the 3rd and 4th stages are at play, the first two get disturbed because something new is getting incorporated in the mind.

This is absolutely normal. But what over-cautious mothers do is fret a lot and the child develops a fear which later manifests itself as stammering. Infact, most text books on stammering state in bold that 'Had there not been any over-cautious mothers, hardly anyone would have suffered from stammering'. Fluency can be incorporated in the speech of such patients through hypnosis.