How is the concept of 'positive peace' distinct from 'negative peace' in the study of International Relations, and what real-world example best demonstrates this distinction?
1
Negative peace refers to the absence of violent conflict, while positive peace involves the presence of social justice and equity. The ceasefire agreement in the Korean peninsula is an example of negative peace, whereas the socially-balanced welfare state models in Scandinavia demonstrate positive peace.
2
Negative peace is about the lack of economic conflict, while positive peace is about the existence of economic prosperity. The economic prosperity enjoyed by nations like Qatar and Luxembourg represents positive peace.
3
Positive peace refers to the presence of military power, while negative peace is about the absence of military power. The non-nuclear nations are an example of negative peace, whereas the nuclear-armed countries indicate a state of positive peace.
4
More than one of the above
5
None of the above