Direction: Read a passage and answer the questions based on it. You are required to select your answers based on the content of the passage.

The African elephant is the largest land mammal on Earth. They are primarily found in 37 countries across sub-Saharan Africa. Elephants play a crucial role in the ecosystem by digging waterholes, creating paths, and helping plant growth by spreading seeds. They have two species: the African forest elephant and the African savanna elephant.

Elephants communicate using a variety of vocalizations, including low-frequency sounds known as infrasound, which can travel long distances. Their memory is extraordinary, and they can remember locations of water and food sources for many years.

They are social creatures and live in groups called herds, often led by a matriarch. Males usually leave the herd when they reach adolescence and may live alone or join other males. Elephants are known for their intelligence, empathy, and strong familial bonds.

Poaching for ivory and loss of habitat are major threats to their survival. Numerous initiatives are in place to protect them, such as anti-poaching laws, habitat restoration, and community education programs.