Which of the following features were common in the successor states of Awadh, Bengal, and Hyderabad in the 18th century?
- Reduction of Mughal-appointed jagirdars
- Shift to tax collection through revenue farmers (ijaradars)
- Strong ties with local bankers and merchants
- Religious persecution of non-Muslims in their territories
1
1, 2, and 3 only
2
2, 3, and 4 only
3
1 and 4 only
4
1, 3, and 4 only