DIRECTIONS : Read the passage and answer the questions that follow.

Communication (from Latin communicāre, meaning "to share") is the act of conveying intended meanings from one entity or group to another through the use of mutually understood signs and semiotic rules. Communication is simply the act of transferring information from one place to another. Although this is a simple definition, when we think about how we may communicate the subject becomes a lot more complex. There are various categories of communication and more than one may occur at any time. The different categories of communication include:

Spoken or Verbal Communication: face-to-face, telephone, radio or television and other media.

Non-Verbal Communication: body language, gestures, how we dress or act - even our scent.

Written Communication: letters, e-mails, books, magazines, the Internet or via other media.

Visualizations: graphs and charts, maps, logos and other visualizations can communicate messages.

The channel of communication can be visual, auditory, tactile (such as in Braille) and haptic, olfactory, electromagnetic, or biochemical. It acts as a carrier of the intended messages. The eight elements of communication are source, message, encoding, channel, decoding, receiver, feedback and context. This model was developed by communication theorists Claude Shannon, Wilbur Lang Schramm and Robert Craig, among others. Human communication is unique for its extensive use of abstract language. Remember that communication is collaborative, not competitive. Communication is a two-way process that involves the exchange of ideas; if made one-way, the exchange is prevented and this leads to frustration.