Rajni Kothari in his later works argued that legislative developments like the 73rd Amendment (Panchayati Raj reforms) signify the ‘partial reentry of civil society’ into formal democratic architecture. Which theorists’ perspective aligns closest with Kothari’s analysis?

(a) Antonio Gramsci’s conceptualization of consolidating counter-hegemony through an historic bloc between progressive civil and political spheres.

(b) Jürgen Habermas’ discursive model viewing civil society’s public deliberation vital for guiding state institutional decisions.

(c) Simone Chambers’ radical democratic vision cautioning against collusive state-civic partnerships undermining accountability.

(d) Partha Chatterjee’s framework warning of civil society’s capacities being coopted to deepen state power in embedded contexts.

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