Comprehension Passage
Traditional ecological knowledge is a body of knowledge and a framework to distinguish between its empirical kinds and ways of life; between information and ways of knowing. It is considered at several levels of analysis and consistent as knowledge-practice-belief complex. It begins at level of taxonomic systems and then proceeds to understanding of processes or functions. It follows 'paradigmatic knowledge' or interpretation of empirical observation to put them in a context, and then knowledge embedded in social institutions, the rules and norms of society, and finally the regional worldview or belief system. In practice these analyses are concentric but not always distinct. The social institutions and management systems are often closely coupled that may seem artificial. One may argue that these are one and the same that may adapt, change or fall apart or renewed. Worldview and social institutions but may themselves be affected by changes occurring at other scales.
Which of the following include the knowledge that frame the process of memory, creativity and learning to form norms and code of relationship of a group of independent hunters, fishers and agriculturalists to function effectively.
1
Land and resource management systems
2
Local knowledge of land and animals
3
Social institutions
4
Worldview