Comprehension Passage

Read the passage carefully and answer the following questions:

This is the greatest paradox involved in the doctrine of 'basic features', namely, that though it does not constitute a limitation on the legislature while enacting ordinary legislation, it would operate as a limitation on the Constituent' body, though in the same breath it is conceded that the latter is a Sovereign' authority while the Legislature is not. This means that while determining the validity of an ordinary law, the court can only look into the express provisions of the Constitution or the necessary implications thereof, but when the validity of a Constitution Amendment Act is challenged, the court may travel behind or beyond the express provisions of the Constitution to invoke some principles superior to express provisions to find whether the impunged amendment is in tune with those principles, which are supposed to Constitute the 'norm' behind the specific provisions of the Constitution. In short, it involve an illogical attempt to usher in the doctrines of 'Spirit of the Constitution' or of 'natural law', through the backdoor, to circumscribe the Constitution itself, while it had been openly rejected as a limitation upon ordinary legislation.

What does the author identify as the greatest paradox involved in the doctrine of basic features? 

1
The doctrine does not constitute a limitation on the power of the Parliament, but limits the state legislatures
2
The doctrine ushers in the concept of natural law through the backdoors, while the judiciary get a free run
3
The doctrine operates as a limitation on the constituent body as well as legislature when enacting ordinary legislation
4
The doctrine does not constitute a limitation on the legislature while enacting ordinary legislation but operates as a limitation on the Constituent body though the Constituent body is a sovereign authority while the legislature is not

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