Two concurrent executing transactions T1 and T2 are allowed to update same stock item say ‘A’ in an uncontrolled manner. In such scenario. Following problems may occur:
(a) Dirty read problem
(b) Lost update problem
(c) Transaction failure
(d) Inconsistent database state
Which of the following option is correct if database system has no concurrency module and allows concurrent execution of above two transactions?
1
(a), (b) and (c) only
2
(c) and (d) only
3
(a) and (b) only
4
(a), (b) and (d) only