"We know now that a text is not a line of words releasing a single "theological" meaning (the "message" of the Author-God) but a multidimensional space in which a variety of writings, none of them original, blend and clash .... Literature ... by refusing to assign a "secret", an ultimate meaning, to the text (and to the world as text) liberates what may be called an anti-theological activity, an activity that is truly revolutionary since to refuse to fix meaning is, in the end to refuse God and his hypostases - reason, science, law."
The passage comes from which of the following essays?
1
"Tradition and Individual Talent" by T.S. Eliot
2
"The Death of the Author" by Roland Barthes
3
"What is an Author?" by Michel Foucault
4
"Discourse in the Novel" by Mikhail Bakhtin