Read the following passage and answer the given questions:

Feminism is a meta-ideology that has been attracting attention in many areas of social science in recent decades. The starting point for including the theme of gender in international relations begins with the debate on fundamental inequalities between men and women and the impact of such inequalities on global politics. Notable works on global gender issues argue that women are a disadvantaged group compared to men. They have about 1 percent of the world's wealth and less than 5 percent of women are at the top of senior organizations and positions, while women do 60 percent of the total working hours, they receive only 10 percent of the total income. Their situation is deplorable as the illiteracy rate among them is high; 60 percent of all illiterates are women and 80 percent of all refugees are women. Discrimination based on gender is evident all over the world.

A gender-sensitive focus on world politics aims to highlight such challenges. This points to the functioning of international political and economic systems which tend to create underprivileged conditions for women. Jackie True points out that the economic development policies of structural adjustment adopted by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank and changes in the international division of labor have contributed to the increasing 'feminization of poverty'. Low-wage, extremely hard work in export processing sectors, sex tourism, and migrant domestic workers are examples of how women are exploited in the course of developing an international economy. Despite high rates of female participation in the workplace for many decades, various forms of gender inequality and discrimination persist in advanced industrial societies.