Assamese or 'Asomiya' is the most commonly spoken language in the state of Assam. Besides, it also serves the purpose of a link language in the whole region. As a language, it is considered to have evolve out of Magadhi, a form of old Prakrit language. However, on account of various influences over the years the language has come to acquire some variations in its form of speech. These are called the groups of dialects of Assamese. Of these, the eastern group of dialects is spoken mainly in the Sibsagar district and its adjoining areas. Similarly, the central group of dialects is mostly spoken in the Nagaon district and the areas adjacent to it. In the west, on the other hand, there are two distinct groups of dialects. These are called the Goalparia and the Kamrupi groups.

Bodo or 'Bo-Ro' is another important spoken language of the state. It belongs to the Tibeto-Burman language family and is mostly spoken in the areas coming under the Bodoland Territorial Council, where it is the official language. By the 92 nd Amendment of the Constitution of India 2003, Bodo has also become one of the 22 scheduled languages of the country.