In "Imagined Communities," Benedict Anderson discusses the role of "print capitalism" in the formation of national consciousness. What dual process does Anderson describe as central to the development of national identities?
1
The decline of religious authority and the rise of enlightenment rationality
2
The simultaneous dissemination of print media and standardization of vernacular languages, creating unified fields of exchange and communication
3
The rise of industrial labor and socialist movements
4
The colonization of non-European territories and the spread of global trade networks