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In the Union Budget 2023 announced on February 1, Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman underlined the Centre's focus on promoting millets. In essence, a humble grain, millets, once the staple of India's diet in the ancient and medieval eras have been constantly outshone as mass-scale adoption of rice and wheat overtook India's food discourse through the modem centuries. While undoing decades-old eating habits is no mean feat, this brings hope to thousands of cultivators, advocates, chefs and experts — alongside underlining the promise of millet exports from India building a billion-dollar export economy.
Bolsters for the homegrown millet economy, however, are not entirely new. In the 2022 Union Budget, FM Sitharaman spoke about the government's intent to focus on millets. The key areas were highlighted — enhancing local production, efficient marketing on domestic and global stages, and adding post-harvest value. This year, Sitharaman added turning Indian Institute of Millet Research (IIMR), Hyderabad, into a Centre of Excellence(CoE) — a research and development hub that can bring together cultivators, academia, corporates and investors to add value to an ancient field.
While these may not translate into cash incentives for cultivators, the government is keen to project millet as a mainstream grain. "Millets were eaten by large sections of our society because they were cheap. But, this gave them a bad name for being a cheaper food — and cheap means non-aspirational," says Mumbai-based Kurush F Dalal, an academician and food anthropologist. Dalal explains that the rise of a "tremendous amount of discrimination" against millet grains rose in the aftermath of the Green Revolution in the 1970s when in order to incentivise food production and prevent a nationwide food shortage.